De Nieuwe Hollandse Waterlinie, in het verleden bedoeld om vijandige invasies te bemoeilijken, is toegevoegd aan de werelderfgoedlijst van VN-organisatie Unesco. Er is nog verrassend veel bewaard gebleven van het 200 jaar oude verdedigingswerk, dat nooit als zodanig gefunctioneerd heeft.
De Nieuwe Hollandse Waterlinie vormt samen met de Stelling van Amsterdam een verdedigingswerk tegen zowel vijandelijke legers als hoog water. Bij een dreigende invasie konden stukken land onder water worden gezet, om de vijand te vertragen. Het verdedigingssysteem, dat helaas nooit zijn nut heeft kunnen bewijzen, loopt van de Biesbosch naar Muiden. Het is 85 kilometer lang en bestaat uit de twee kastelen Muiderslot en Kasteel Loevestein, 45 forten en zes vestingen in Gorinchem, Muiden, Naarden, Nieuwersluis, Weesp en Woudrichem. De Nieuwe Hollandse Waterlinie is vanaf 1815 aangelegd in opdracht van Koning Willem I. In 1880 volgde een uitbreiding met de Stelling van Amsterdam, die in 1996 al op de werelderfgoedlijst is geplaatst. Het is opmerkelijk hoeveel van de dijken, kanalen, gemalen en sluizen nog bewaard zijn gebleven. Vermelding op de Unescolijst moet de bouwwerken extra bescherming bieden.
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